CARTESI | A Linux Infrastructure for Scalable DApps

Do you know what CARTESI (A Linux Infrastructure for Scalable DApps) is?
Next I explain about the CARTESI project.

Cartesi is a layer-2 platform for development and deployment measurable decentralized application. Cartesi DApps consists of blockchain and off-chain components. Off-chain component run it in Cartesi Nodes which represents the interests of each DApp the user. Cartesi Nodes provides Dapp developers who can be reproduced Cartesi Machine, where large-scale calculations can be verified run. This verifiable computing is easily integrated into it smart contracts by strong primitives provide a guarantee of resolving conflicts that are strong. More precisely, any disputes that arise the results of calculations carried out in the Cartesi Machine can be fair it was decided at a negligible fee on the blockchain. Cartesi Nodes too allow DApp developers to run native code. Original calculation can utilize the full processing power of nodes, including those available The GPU. Is it done natively by the node or inside Cartesi Machines, off-chain components run under a complete Linux operating system that provides the compl te ecosystem needed by the complex calculation. Cartesi allows DApp developers to use all the programming languages, tools, libraries, software, and services they have already accustomed. By moving most complex logic DApps them for portable off-chain components, the developer is released from the limitations and peculiarities imposed by blockchains. In in this way, Cartesi empowers developers to choose the best run-time the environment where each part of their DApps is hosted.

Cartesi Machine Specifications

The Cartesi machine is a standalone and determinant computing model that can host modern operating systems. In the real world the calculations occur in the operating system for good reason. Developers who are drilled to use tools that use the highest level of abstraction possible for any job. These tools isolate them from irrelevant hardware details and even from information from a given operating system. Creating a new ad-hoc architecture will require porting from the toolchain and operating system. Interestingly, the Cartesi Engine is based on an architecture that is proven to already have a standard toolchain and operating system available.

Cartesi machine not connected Off-chain implementation. The Cartesi machine serves 2 purposes. Their main role is the implementation of the calculation itself. The secondary role is to support the settlement of disputes over the results of calculations. To provide this service, the Cartesi Machine off-chain implementation must expose a programmable interface.

Cartesi machines can be processed into 2 namely processor and board. The processor carries out calculations, executes execution, takes-executes loops while maintaining various registers. ROM, RAM, flash) and devices. To verify as possible, the Cartesi Machine maps all of its status to physical memory in a clear manner. This includes internal processors, boards and all attached devices. There is no operating system or host application in a significant way.

01. Processor

The processor takes the RISC-V terminology, Cartesi Machine implements RV64IMASU ISA. The letter after the RV determines the extension specified. This option is compatible with 64-bit machines, Arithmetic Integers with Multiplication and Division, Atomic Operations, and Supervisor and User distribution levels. In addition, Cartesi Engine supports Sv48 address and memory translation modes

02. Board

Interaction between the board and processor occurs through devices mapped to the processor's physical address space. There are 64KiB ROM starting from address 0x1000, where the execution starts. The central role of this ROM is to hold devicetree [DTSpec 2017] which explains system hardware. In addition, the bootstrap program in ROM-base sets the x10 register to 0 (mhartid value), x11 to point to devicetree, and then switches to the RAM base at 0x80000000. This is where the entry point of the expected boot image is. Finally, the total amount of additional memory can be set aside for the device's flash memory. This will usually be loaded with an image file system.

The road to Cartesi

A. Reproducibility
Their MVP is a cutting-edge VM. This allows smart contracts to determine complex calculations that run off-chain on a Linux OS in a way that can be reproduced.

B. Verification
Cartesi's complete core allows this complex calculation to be decided for the truth on the blockchain, at a negligible cost, in a safe and decentralized way.

C. Infrastructure
Cartesi will publish and manage open source SDKs for the world to use. Create your own decentralized application without knowledge of the language of the blockchain and spread it to the growing network of Cartesi Nodes.

For more information about Cartesi Project as follows:

Website: https://cartesi.io/
Whitepaper: https://cartesi.io/cartesi_whitepaper.pdf

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